Sensors and signal conditioning: Process and application.

by Prakash Ravi Digital Marketing Executive

Signal conditioner is a device that is used to convert one type of signal into another type of signals. Many signals require some kind of manipulation before they undergo processing.To detect the type of signals sensors are used. Mostly the signals are converted from analog signals to digital or vice versa.Its primary use is to convert a signal that may be difficult to read by conventional instrumentation into a more easily read format. In performing this conversion, a number of functions may take place. 

There is a various process that needs to be considered when you are trying to convert one signal form to another. These factors are components of the signal that helps to determine the strength of the signal used.

1.  Amplification:

When you want to amplify a signal, the magnitude of the signal increases and thus the overall intensity of the signal improves. Operational amplifiers are mostly used for amplifying process.

2.  Electrical isolation:

The input is normally transferred to the output by converting it to an optical or magnetic signal then it is reconstructed on the output. Isolation is required when a measurement must be made on a surface with a voltage potential far above the ground. Isolation is also used to prevent ground loops. 

3.  Linearization and excitation:

Converting a non-linear input signal to a linear output signal is called linearization.

Excitation is nothing but a stimulation given to the sensors so that they can operate.Strain gages and RTDs are two common examples. 

Features:

• PR pioneered compliance with IEC 61508 and, with our comprehensive range of power-rail mounted analog and digital I.S. interfaces; you will easily comply with IEC 61511 site standards
• Option to remotely access process values in four different ways while still preserving the analog signal.

Applications:

• Linearized, electronic temperature measurement with RTD or TC sensor.
• Conversion of linear resistance variation to a standard analog current/voltage signal, i.e.from solenoids and butterfly valves or linear movements with an attached potentiometer.
• Power supply and signal isolator for 2-wire transmitters.
• Process control with 2 pairs of potential-free relay contacts and analog output.
• Galvanic separation of analog signals and measurement of floating signals.
• Designed according to strict safety requirements and is thus suitable for application in SIL 2 installations.

Conclusion:

This instrument has proved to be of great use in industries. Having said that this sensor and signal conditioning is very important for Control engineering applications. Signal inputs usually are Dc and AC voltage.

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Created on Mar 21st 2018 07:54. Viewed 309 times.

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