3 Major steps of PCBA

PCB assembly or PCBA is the process of mounting various electronic components to a PCB. There are many types of PCB, some are designed for simple electronics projects, and others for more complex projects.

3 important steps of the PCB assembly process

The PCB assembly process has three major steps:

1) Drilling holes in the PCB

Hole drilling is done by drilling an exact hole shape on the PCB. The size of these holes varies from one component to another, but they are generally 1/16 inch in diameter or smaller. To ensure good quality drilling, it is essential that the drill bits used for this purpose be sharp enough to cut through the hard plastic material used for making most PCBs.

2) Solder masking

Solder masking is used to provide protection to surface layers of copper from damage during soldering operations. The solder masking material is usually a thin film of tin or lead which can be applied to both sides of the copper layer using a stencil or screen printing method.

 3) Testing

As soon as the soldering procedure is carried out, it is about time for testing. Power on and simulated signals run through the circuit board. If there is a fluctuation in the electrical signals found in the circuit board, it is a clear indication that the board has failed the testing process. It also means that it is time to start over the entire process of PCB manufacturing and assembling.

2 major assembly methods are SMT & THT

1. SMT or Surface Mount Technique

The surface mount PCBA technique is a process that involves the use of surface mount components on a printed circuit board. It is a very specific type of manufacturing technique used in the electronics industry.

This process allows manufacturers to produce boards that are very small in size, but still have all of the same components as their larger counterparts. Because the components are mounted directly to the board, there is no need for additional wiring or cabling. The only things that need to be added are the power supply and interconnections between different components.

2. THT or Through Hole PCBA Technique

The through-hole PCB assembly technique is a process of assembling and soldering copper-clad boards. It is the most common type of PCB manufacturing. Through-hole PCB manufacturing makes it possible to build complex circuitry with high density, at a very low cost. The through-hole technique has been used in telecommunications, military industries, electronics, and medical devices.

The through-hole technique involves the use of solder paste and solder balls or sprues as well as vias (holes). Solder paste is used for filling the vias, while solder balls are used for connecting components on the board.

The through-hole technique uses two types of components: copper-clad boards and copper plated copper-clad boards. Copper-clad boards can be made by depositing a layer of copper on a substrate and then coating it with gold or silver to give it its color.

When a circuit is designed using through-hole technology, it allows for easier wiring and better isolation between components compared to other technologies such as surface mount technology (SMT).

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Created on Jan 25th 2023 02:33. Viewed 143 times.

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