Various Layers of TCP/IP Protocol to Allow Communication Process

Communications take place in between computers present in a network by the help of suitable protocol suits. Specifically, these systems use widely available TCP/IP protocol suite that consists of a proper-layered architecture, in which every layer depicts some of the important functionalities to carry out by the help of protocols.

If you are a student of BE Computer Science or Information Technology and studying in one of the best engineering colleges in India it is essential for you to learn about roles played by each layer as layer adheres of the aforementioned protocol. Large numbers of technological professors consider TCP/IP as 4-layer system, where layers include

Application Layer

Application layer is the topmost layer of TCP/IP protocol suite, which mainly includes procedures or applications using transport layer protocols to deliver relevant data to various types of destination computers. At each layer, individuals will be able to find specific protocol options for carrying out different types of tasks designated mainly to a specific layer.

Based on this, application layer is available with large numbers of protocols used by applications to communicate with its below layer as transport later. Here, students of best engineering colleges in India will be able to find varying protocols, like HTTP or Hyper Text Transfer Protocol, SMTP or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, FTP or File Transfer Protocol and SNMP or Simple Network Management Protocol.

Transport Layer

Transport layer is mainly responsible for providing backbone to the flow of data in between different hosts. This layer takes data from its upper or Application layer. Similar to application layer, you will find working of varying protocols at this layer; however, two of the commonly used ones are UDP and TCP.

TCP is the acronym for Transmission Control Protocol that mainly requires reliable connection, while its counterpart UDP i.e. the abbreviated form of User Datagram Protocol is useful during unreliable connection.

Network Layer or Internet Layer

Main purpose of Network or Internet Layer, as explained to students of best engineering colleges in India is to handle or organize data movements over the network. This means routing of data over suitable network. IP is the prime protocol used in Network Layer. Other protocols of the layer will include IGMP i.e. Internet Group Management Protocol and ICMP i.e. Internet Control Message Protocol.

Data Link Layer

Data link layer is also known as network interface layer that usually contains large numbers of device drivers in Operating System and Network Interface Card attached to it. Both NICs and device drivers deal with communication details, while media transfers data with the help of network. In many cases, the media remains available as cables. Here, you will find few of the famous protocols as PPP i.e. Point-to-Point Protocol and ARP or Address Resolution Protocol.