ESSENTIAL PROCESS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT

Being the necessity of life, Water should be given special consideration. Though water can never have an end, but this is also for sure, usable water may have an end it is not used effectively at present. Government taking initiative towards keeping the water clean to re-use the wastewater.

What is waste Water? Waste water contains harmful contaminants and solids which odors very bad like sewage water, industrial water, etc. Which can not be further used? So waste-water treatment is adapted to convert the water into the re-usable water which may be discharged back into the environment through routine activities like bathing, cleaning, toilet, washing etc. though it may not be used for drinking being having the unhealthy bacteria and viruses.
Process of Treating waste water has been subdivided into two parts:-

1 Biological Waste-Water Treatment: for household and business premises
2. Physical Waste-Water Treatment : for industries, factories, and manufacturing firms

Now we will study the gradual steps of waste water treatment:-

1. Accumulation of Waste Water

being the first process, due consideration to be used. In this process, waste water is collected in some form of tanks or other systems through municipal authority, home people, business owners etc. Later on, this toxic water is directed towards treatment plant wherein underground drainage systems or exhausted tracks. While performing so, one should use the safety norms like using the leak proof pipes, defensive wears, and accessories. High toxins may harm the external body so due care must be given.

2. Controlling the Odor

While performing the cleaning process, it could be unbearable to tolerate the messy smell coming through the wastewater as it contains the dirty substances. It may also lead to surrounding with severe health problems who are suffering from the allergy problem. So odor treatment process is being regulated by using chemicals which control the odors and make it neutral for the people working there and for surroundings as well.

3. Dispose off large objects

before removing out the minor stuff, one should make sure to remove the large objects which can be seen. When it comes to the sewage water, people usually throw or flush cotton buds, nappies, plastics, papers, broken bottles, wipes, bottle caps and a lot which may damage the cleaning equipment. Separating this large objects may facilitate the smooth cleaning process so it is always good to isolate the hard stuff which can be done physically or manually.

4. Primary treatment

This treatment is done to remove the solid waste from the water. Water is stored in big tanks for some time, a hard material may lie under the surface whereas some scraps may come up on the upper level of water which may be removed through handy equipment. Settled solids can be trashed back through huge scrapers. Later on, remaining water may be pumped out through the cylinder to perform the another process.

5. Secondary Treatment:

In this process, Seed sludge is added into the waste water which is get interacted with the water to fuel the growth of bacteria that use oxygen. Air is pumped through aeration tanks which create large particles that settle down at the bottom of large tanks.

6. Removal of Bio-solids

Wastewater then is thrown to digesters which are heated at room temperature. Then the waste-water is treated for one month . Methane gases are produced to recycle the rich solids. Methane gas also used for electricity or energy production. This gas used to generate heat for digesters.

7. Tertiary treatment

Being the most expensive treatment, it removes almost 90-99 % bacteria. Water is still not a drinking water and may be used for some other purposes. This process required technically skilled people or expert operators.

8. Disinfection

After the above process, the water may be clean but it may not be healthy so it should be disinfected in tanks for half an hour which contains Chlorine & Sodium hypochlorite. After that, clean water may be discharged into the environment through local waterways.

We should not take the water as lightly. One must be aware of the circumstances of not having the drinking water so one must not use the drinking water for cleaning purposes.