The main physical properties of rare earth metals

by Izzy X. Product specialist

Rare earth metals as additives to magnesium, aluminum and their alloys, the first thing to consider is their density. The density depends on the relative atomic mass, atomic radius, and crystal struct

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The rule that the melting point of lanthanide metals changes with atomic number is similar to the rule that the density of lanthanide metals increases with increasing atomic number, except for La
The melting heat and elastic modulus of lanthanide metals also show a similar law, which changes with the change of atomic number.
The elastic modulus of Samarium is even lower than that of Promethium and Neodymium, and the heat of fusion of Europium is between of Promethium and Gadolinium.
Rare earth metals have special properties due to their special electronic configuration.
Among all lanthanide metals, due to the shrinkage of the lanthanide series and the increase in atomic weight, their density generally increases with the increase of the atomic number

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Review on The main physical properties of rare earth metals

Rare earth metals have special properties due to their special electronic configuration. The 4f orbital electron's unique movements make the rare earth have different magnetic, optical, electrical and chemical properties than other elements. The spin and orbital motion of these electrons, the strong spin-orbit coupling effect, and the indirect interaction with the surrounding environment make the magnetic properties of rare earths different from those of group d transition elements such as iron, cobalt, and nickel. They have strong paramagnetic susceptibility, large magnetic saturation intensity, magnetic anisotropy, magnetostriction, magneto-optical rotation and large magnetic entropy effect, so that rare earths are widely used permanent magnet materials, magnetostrictive materials, magneto-optical materials, magnetic refrigeration materials.

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