What is the Difference Between L-Asparaginase And PEG Asparaginase?

L-asparaginase is an enzyme that is used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Asparagine is an amino acid necessary for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins. Lymphoblastic leukemia cells lack the enzymes that synthesize asparagine and therefore it is taken from external sources. The asparaginase enzyme breaks down asparagine which furthermore inhibits DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. This as a result inhibits cell growth. However, the normal cells remain intact as they can synthesize their own amino acid.

PEG Asparaginase is a modified form of L-asparaginase where polyethylene glycol is conjugated to one of the sites. It works in a similar fashion as L asparaginase however, studies have shown that PEG asparaginase is not only less toxic but is also more effective. It has a higher half-life and can be administered much more easily. PEG asparaginase also shows fewer allergic reactions in patients. 3750 IU Peg l Asparaginase Injection 5ml is given via intravenous route.

Some of the common side effects of both L-asparaginase and PEG asparaginase are – 

• Weakened immune system which increases the risk of getting infections
• Formation of blood clots
• Diarrhea, vomiting, constipation
• High blood sugar level
• Increased cholesterol levels
• Loss of appetite
• Redness of skin, rashes, or swelling of the injection site
• Numbness in feet and hand
• Lower potassium levels
• Decrease in red blood cell count
• Yellowing of skin and eyes

In some rare cases, patients suffer from posterior reversible encephalopathy which causes loss of vision, headaches, and also seizures

Severe cases of allergy can cause anaphylaxis

Some of the precautions are –

• Some components of the medicine can cause an allergic response. It can lead to redness of the skin, rashes, and swelling of the injection site and all over the body. It can also cause trouble in breathing as one of the initial symptoms.
• Asparaginase can interact with other medications and interfere with their functioning.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding should be avoided during the course of treatment as the medicine can interfere with fetal development.
• It is advisable to avoid taking any vaccines during and up to one year after the last dose of the asparaginase medicine.
• Inform the doctor about all the past medical conditions including dental conditions.

Conclusion 

Both L-asparaginase and PEG asparaginase are effective medications for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, PEG asparaginase is less toxic and moresafe than L-asparaginase. Peg l asparaginase Injection price is high but you can obtain it from Magicine Pharma at a reasonable price.