The working of a solar power generator

by Tanoy Chakraborty Writen on Educational informations

Introduction

Solar power is the concept of converting sunlight into electricity. It is done with the help of two things- Photovoltaics or by using concentrated solar power. Both of them have their own and unique working principles. In concentrated solar power systemsmirrors, lenses and tracking systems are used to focus a large area of sunlight into a beam of light. But the photovoltaics uses the photovoltaic effect to convert the light energy into electric current.

About Solar Power generator:-

A solar power generator mainly produces electricity from solar energy or sunlight. This electricity is only used for powering small home appliances like radio, fans, lamps etc. The generator which uses fossil fuels is costly and hard to maintain. But this solar power generator can be used without any expense. It is mainly used at the time of electricity cut off or in the emergency situation like earthquake, tornado, hurricanes etc. This system can be used virtually maximum time. But it depends on the climatic condition because if the sunlight is too low then it will not work on that situation. They are lightweight and portable so that they can be camped and transported anywhere.

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Essential parts of a solar power generator:-

There are three main components in a solar power generator which are required to transform solar energy into electricity. Each and every component work with the help of others. The components are:-

1. Photovoltaic module:-

A photovoltaic module consists of a solar panel which mainly absorbs the solar energy from the sunlight.

2. A battery:-

A battery is mainly required to store the energy when sunlight is not present.

3. An inverter:-

Inverter is used to transform the DC current into the AC current which will be used by the appliances.

4. A voltmeter:-

A voltmeter is used to see how much power is being produced.

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Working principle of a solar power generator:-

One of the essential part of a solar power generator is the solar panel also known as the photovoltaic module. This part is responsible or absorbing the solar energy from sunlight. This part consists of may photovoltaic cells which are mainly made up of silicon. But now a days other materials are used in the place of silicon. For general information a 12 volt panel costs few hundred dollars in the shop.

The solar panel gets connected with the battery because it is an excellent way of saving energy when sunlight will not be there. It is suggested to have a deep cycle battery or a continuous battery. Moreover it must be of 12volts. A voltmeter is also used to check the amount of power produced.

Energy stored in a battery is mainly the direct current. But for the household activities and the appliances it is to be changed to AC current as they use AC currents. So for this reason an inverter is required which transforms the energy into usable form. The amount of electricity generated will be directly proportional to the size of the solar panel and its capability. It is required to have at least one AC input in a solar power generator.

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