50 most common GIT interview inquiries for SDET
by Syntax Technologies Software Testing TrainingTo assist students and professionals preparing for SDET Training, and SDET Certification, the following list of frequently asked interview questions
has been assembled. The whole list of SDET Interview questions is available
here.
1. Describe GIT?
·
GIT is a DVCS and a source code management
system.
·
Using the Code Management System (SCMS), which
is used to monitor file modifications, permits going back to any specific
change.
·
It can manage both little and large projects
quickly and effectively.
2. What distinguishes
GIT and SVN from one another?
The following are the differences between GIT and SVN:
GIT
·
A decentralised version control tool is called
GIT.
·
On the local system, the complete repository can
be cloned.
·
It is still possible to commit while offline.
·
Push/Pull actions move more quickly.
·
Upon commit, work is automatically shared.
SVN
·
Centralized Version Control is a feature of SVN.
·
A server-side repository houses the version
history.
·
All commits must be made online.
·
Operations that push/pull are slower.
·
Work is not automatically shared.
3. What benefits does
GIT offer?
The following are some benefits of GIT:
·
Data replication and redundancy are both
feasible
·
Excellent disc usage and network performance
·
Each repository has a single.git directory
·
extremely accessible service
·
GIT is suitable for all project types
·
Any project can be collaborated on very easily
4. What dialect is
GIT written in?
The programming language used in GIT is C.
C makes sure that runtime overhead for high-level languages
is minimised, which makes GIT quicker.
5. What does a GIT
repository mean?
A GIT repository has a directory called.git where it stores
all of the repository's metadata.
The entirety of the.git directory is only accessible via
GIT.
6. How do I write a
commit message? Which command do I use?
A commit message is created in GIT using the command git
commit -a.
Git is told to commit the updated contents of all tracked
files that have been modified when the -a option is used.
"git add file>" is used before git commit when
a new file needs to be committed for the first time.
7. What does the GIT
staging area or index mean?
Before they are finished, commits can be modified,
formatted, and reviewed in an intermediate area.
A staging area, often known as an index, is this
transitional space.
8. What differentiates
Git Pull from Git Fetch?
·
Git fetch retrieves any fresh information from a
remote repository, but it doesn't incorporate that information into the working
files
·
Git pull takes data from a remote repository and
combines it with the currently open working files
·
If local modifications are not committed, it may
also combine conflicts.
·
git fetch plus git merge equals git pull
9. Git Stash: What Is
It?
The working directory's current state is taken by Git Stash
and
Stacking it results in a clean working directory by placing
it on the stack for later.
When we need to go to another task but don't want to loose
our previous work, we use Git Stash.
10. Git Stash drop:
what is it?
The git stash drop command is used to remove the item that has
been stashed from the list.
By default, it removes the most recent thing added to the
stash, but if an argument is provided, it can also remove a particular item.
11. What purpose does
git clone serve?
To make a duplicate of an existing GIT repository, use the
git clone command.
The most popular method used by programmers to replicate a
central repository to a local workspace is called a "git clone."
12. How can I tell if
a particular branch has been merged into master?
Git branch -merged master displays all merged branches into
the master.
Git branch -merged displays all merged branches into the
head.
Git branch -no-merged displays all unmerged branches.
13. What purpose does
git config serve?
Setting configuration options for GIT installations is simple
with the git config command.
The git config command is used to specify user information,
preferences, and repository behaviour.
For instance, after installing GIT, we configure the global
username and email address. If we neglected that stage or wish to make adjustments,
we can set them now.
Use the command git config -global user.name "First
Name" to add a username.
This will add Email Address: git config -global user.email
"emailAddress"
14. In GIT, how do
you establish a repository?
Run the command "git init" to create a repository
in GIT after creating a directory for the project if one doesn't already exist.
The project directory does not have to be empty for this
operation to create a.git directory there.
15. What does branching
in GIT serve as a purpose?
Using branching, you can simply move between two branches
after creating a new one and waiting for a few commits. Multiple local branches
that are completely independent of one another are possible with GIT.
Going back to earlier work will assist preserve the more
recent work intact.
16. How are local and
remote GIT branches deleted?
The following command should be used to remove a local GIT
branch:
branch name = git branch -d
Using the following command, a remote GIT branch can be
deleted:
git push -delete "remote name" "branch"
17. What
distinguishes 'git' from
'git clone' and'remote'?
Git remote add merely adds a line to a git configuration
that
provides a moniker for a specific URL.
In contrast, "git clone" generates a new directory
by transferring the current remote repository into the specified local
workspace.
18. What does the GIT
command "git diff" do?
To display changes between commits, between a commit and the
working tree, etc., use the git diff command.
The most frequent application of diff is to determine what
changes have been made since the last commit.
For eg.:
The working directory and the local repository are compared
using the git diff HEAD [filename] command.
git diff [filename] compares two files.
indexing working directory
Compare the index with the local repository using git diff
-cached [filename].
19. What does GIT's
"git checkout" command do?
The command "git checkout" is used to update
folders.
or some files in the working tree can form another branch
without those files.
adding it to the entire branch.
The git checkout command interacts with three different
types of objects:
branches, files, and commits.
new-branch> git checkout -b
20. What does GIT's
"git rm" command do?
The 'git rm' command can be used to delete a single file or
a group of files.
It is used to delete files from the working directory as
well as the staging index.
git rm DLA/*.txt: This command will delete all.txt files
that are subdirectory children of the DLA directory as well as any of their
subdirectories.
21. What does GIT's
"hooks" section contain?
Shell scripts called GIT hooks are run before or after
GIT commands like commit, push, and receive that correspond
to them.
Git hooks are an integrated feature, therefore there is no
requirement to
Obtain them.
For instance, GIT will attempt to run a post-commit script
following the commit.
22. How can a broken
commit in GIT be fixed?
A broken commit in GIT can be fixed with the git command
-amend command.
The commit patch in $Editor will be activated by this
command. Simply alter the message on the file's first line, save the changes,
and then exit.
23. Conflict in GIT:
What is it?
In GIT, a conflict occurs when the current commit and the
commit that has to be merged both make changes to the same part of the same
file.
GIT is unable to determine which change should come first in
this situation.
24. How many heads
can be generated in a repository and what does the term "head" in GIT
mean?
In a GIT, a "head" is only a reference to a commit
object.
In every repository, a default header called
"Master" is present.
Any quantity of heads can be found in a repository.
25. What is an
additional GIT merging option, and what is the syntax for it?
In GIT, "rebasing" is an alternative to
"merging."
Syntax:
Rebase Git [new-commit]
26. What does GIT's
'git add' command accomplish?
Changes to files in the working directory are added to the
staging area using the command "git add."
It instructs GIT that certain edits to a specific file must
be added to the next commit.
git add file>: Stage all modifications to the
file for upcoming commit.
git add directory>: Stage all changes for the upcoming
commit in the specified directory.
27. What does
"git log" mean in GIT?
To search for particular commits in the project history, use
the git log command.
It can be searched by date, author, message, file, and other
criteria.
etc.
For eg.:
Git log with the "yesterday" option
git log DLA as the author
28. What does the GIT
command "git reset" do?
Git reset is used to undo all changes made to the staging
area and local directory and returns them to their previous states.
Syntax:
git reload
29. GIT version
control: what is it?
GIT version control is used to keep track of a group of
files' past changes and has the ability to roll back the group of files to a
previous version.
Every iteration takes a snapshot of the file system at a
specific moment in time. A repository houses every file and its entire history.
30. Mention some of
the best LINUX-compatible graphical GIT clients.
The top GIT clients for LINUX include:
·
Wise Git
·
Take Cola
·
GIT UI
·
qGit
·
Git-g
·
Giggle
31. What is contained
in a commit object?
What's in the commit object is as follows:
·
It includes a collection of files that show the
status of a project at a certain period
·
A reference to parent commit objects is present
·
A 40-character string called the SHAI name,
which uniquely identifies the commit object, is also included
32. Why is Subgit
used? What is Subgit?
A tool called SubGit is utilised for a stress-free, seamless
SVN to GIT conversion.
migration. It is a method for switching the entire firm over
to GIT from SVN.
For the reasons listed below, it is frequently used:
·
Compared to git-svn, it is significantly
superior
·
The currently installed infrastructure doesn't
need to be changed
·
It enables the use of all GIT and SVN
functionalities
·
It offers a real, stress-free moving experience
33. What does 'git
status' accomplish?
The command "git status" is used to show the
status of the staging area and the working directory.
It enables us to check which files are not being tracked by
Git and whose modifications have not yet been staged.
Syntax:
status of git
34. What does the
'git stash apply' command do?
The command "git stash apply" is used to restore
the saved modifications to the working directory.
When we wish to pick up where we left off with our job, we
use it.
Syntax:
apply git stash
35. Uses for git
instaweb
Git Instaweb instantly launches a web server with an
interface into your local repository and directs a web browser there.
36. How do you
combine the most recent N commits into one commit?
Using the following command, the last N commits of the
existing branch:
rebase -i in git
HEAD~{N}
N is the number of commits you want to remove.
When the aforementioned command is executed, an editor with
a list of N commit messages, one per line, will open. These lines all start
with the word "pick." The word "pick" can be changed to
"squash" or "s" to instruct Git to merge the commit with
the one before it. In order to consolidate all N commits into one, set every
commit in the list to be squashed except the first one.
37. How can a commit
from one branch be copied to another?
One commit can be copied from one branch to another using
the cherry-pick command.
It enables the playback of a previous commit to the current
directory or branch.
Just navigate to the desired branch and issue the command
git cherry-pick hash of that commit.
38. How is a merging
commit cherry-picked?
Cherry-pick uses diff to identify branch differences.
Due to the fact that merge commit is from a different branch,
it has two
two changesets and two parents.
For eg.:
If we need to merge commit ref 43ad64c, we must use parent 1
as a basis and specify -m:
checkout release branch using git
cherry-pick -m 1 43ad64c in git
39. What exactly is
GIT Bisect used for?
Git Bisect makes it simple to locate problematic commits.
Rather than going through each and every commit to locate the one that the code
that may have introduced a specific flaw, git bisect enables the user to do a
kind of binary search on the repository's full history, and as a result
facilitating the discovery of bad commits.
To determine which commit in the project's history has
created an issue, this command employs a binary search technique. The commit is
referred to as "good" prior to the introduction of issue and
"bad" following the introduction of issue.
The command then chooses one of those commits and inquires
as to what kind of commit it is. This procedure is repeated until the precise
commit that introduced the change is found.
40. How will you add
a new feature to the main branch? What commands will you use?
Using git, we can add a new feature to the main branch.
git pull or merge
commands.
Syntax:
merge in git
pull git
41. What distinguishes
"git diff" from "git status"?
Git diff displays the variations between multiple commits as
well as between the staging area and working directory.
Along with providing the state of the comparison with the
branch's origin, Git status also offers information on the files that need to
be staged in the working repository.
42. How can a quarrel
be settled in GIT?
Any disagreement in GIT must first be addressed by editing
the files to remove the incompatible changes, and then the resolved files must
be added by using the 'git add' command.
To commit the repaired merge, use the 'git commit' command
after that.
43. What does GIT
fork mean?
A GIT repository's copy is what a Git fork is.
In the GIT ecosystem, forking down a repository allows one
to experiment freely with various changes with little to no impact on the
original project.
44. List a few
companies that host GIT repositories.
These are a few of the well-known GIT repository hosting
services:
GitHub
Bitbucket
GitLab
45. Describe the different
branching techniques.
There are several branching tactics, including:
•Feature Branching: A feature branch contains all the
updates for a certain feature. The feature gets merged into master once it has
undergone thorough testing and validation.
•Task Branching: Each task is implemented on a separate
branch, and the branch name contains the task key. Since the task key is
present in the branch name, it is simple to determine which code implements
which task using this.
•Release Branching: Once the develop branch has accumulated
sufficient features for a release, we can clone a branch to create a release
branch. The next release cycle is initiated when the release branch is created,
thus no new features can be added beyond this point; only bug fixes are
permitted.
46. Why is GIT
superior to SVN?
An open-source version control system called GIT enables you
to run projects in several iterations, each of which displays the many
modifications that have been made to the code over time.
Additionally, it permits undoing and going back in time as
needed those alterations
Each modification in GIT can be traced to a particular
developer once it has been checked out and uploaded by another developer.
47. Is-tree in git is
what?
A tree object with the mode, name, and SHA-1 value of the
blob or tree is represented by the Git Is-tree function.
48. What does GIT's
"git push" command do?
To update fresh local commits on a remote repository, use
the 'git push' command.
Syntax:
push git
49. Why is it
preferable to add a new commit rather than change an old one?
Always be sure to generate a new commit rather than changing
a current commit, as the change will invalidate the previously preserved state
from a commit.
If only the commit message needs to be altered, this is not
a problem, but if the contents are also modified, there is a greater risk of
omitting some crucial information.
50. What is accomplished
by git pull origin master?
To grab the master branch from the origin, use git pull
origin master the origin branch from the origin remote repository.
The local master branch is not impacted; only the current
branch is.
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Created on Jul 4th 2022 04:24. Viewed 264 times.