5 Types Of Earthing To Fulfil At The Time Of Electrical Installations

by Eclipse Electrical Electrical Services

 Earthing, also known as grounding, is the process of safely connecting the metallic components of electrical machinery and gadgets to the earth plate or earth electrode (which is buried in the damp earth) using a thick conductor wire with very low resistance. The right earthing system must be installed when performing the electrical installations. 

The key advantages are:

1.  Safety First

Protecting your home, equipment, and occupants against electrical surges is the main benefit of grounding electrical currents. Numerous deaths from lightning-related incidents may occur if your fundamental electrical wiring installation is flawed.

2.  Voltage Stabilising

Every transformer can be thought of as a different source of electricity because it comes from various places. Without a central focus, there is no way to calculate the relationship between the sources. Earth serves as a universal standard for all electrical systems since it is the only conductive surface that is ever present when you're looking at an electrical distribution system.

3. During Over-Voltage Protection

An earthing system provides a different path for harmful currents to travel and discharge during lighting and unplanned contact with a high-voltage line, lowering the risk of electrification or equipment damage.

Types of Earthing to Take into Account When Installing Electrical Systems:

Plate-type or pipe-type earthing are common ways of earthing. However, there are more options to electricians consider while providing their electrical installation services.

Plate-Type

With plate-type earthing, bolts are positioned vertically and a cast iron, copper, or galvanized iron plate is placed eight feet underground. The pits are typically four feet deep at the bottom and covered with layers of salt and charcoal.

Pipe-Type

When installing a gearbox line or electrical installation, copper pipes are typically employed. Earthing pipes are also referred to as "earthing electrode pipes" and are utilized in homes, offices, and power plants.

The kind of soil and the amount of current that must be transported will define the pipe's necessary size. Typically, a pipe measuring 38mm in diameter by 2.5m in length is lowered to that depth into the "earthing pit." The earth wire connection is made in a galvanized iron pipe that is above ground level, making it easy to examine for any problems. The pipe is connected to the earth terminal or chamber.

Due to its popularity and widespread use, this sort of earthing is known for its dependability, durability, high level of security, and user-friendly application.

Rod-Type

The only difference between this earthing and pipe earthing is the use of copper or galvanized rods. The diameter of the rod must be 12.5 mm for copper and 25 mm for galvanized iron when utilizing the latter.

The rod, which will be buried vertically into the earth, must be around 2.5 meters long.

Waterman-Type

High-strength galvanized iron pipes with earth clamps are utilized in this sort of earthing. The wire must be straight, parallel, and have clean ends for a standard conductor in earthing wire choice.

Strip/Wire

To do this type of earthing, copper strip electrodes with a minimum cross-sectional size of 25mm x 1.6mm or 25mm x 4mm galvanized iron are lowered into a trench that is horizontal and at least 0.5m deep. When it comes to rocky terrain, where traditional plate-style earthing might be challenging, this sort of earth is a great option.

What Makes Earthing Important?

Earthing is done with the goal of preventing or reducing all the risks related to electrocution and fire. Furthermore, Earthing ensures the potentialities of the current-carrying conductors are not increasing to the earth beyond their intended insulation.

When the metallics components of an electrical appliance, such as the ones likely to conduct or permit the electric current passage come into touch with a live wire, then mostly due to improper installation or else inadequate cable insulation, the metal becomes charged and static charge builds up on it. Now such a charged metal is sure to severely shock anyone who touches it.

Earthing of the power supply and parts of appliances is important for transmitting the charge to the earth for preventing these occurrences. That is why, the electrical installation systems need electrical earthing or grounding.

These are the fundamental requirements for earthing –

• To keep the equipment and appliances safeguarded from leaking currents and to safeguard human lives.

• To work out as a return conductor in an electric traction and communication system.

• To provide a stable voltage in the healthy phase if a fault develops on any one phase.

• To prevent illumination from damaging the electric grid and buildings.

• To reduce the possibility of fire in electrical installation systems.

To earth, or earthing, is the act of connecting a component of an electrical device to the earth, such as a metal covering on a metal, the earth termination on a socket cable, or stay wires. To avoid or reduce hazards during the discharge of electrical energy, earthing is the connection of a power supply system's neutral point to the earth. 

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Created on Nov 13th 2023 03:51. Viewed 184 times.

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