Dr Priya Sharma Healthcare Professional
Cholesterol levels can significantly affect heart health because of their impact on the buildup of plaque in the arteries.
Here's how it works:
Cholesterol Types: There are two main types of cholesterol in your blood:
Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL): Often referred to as "bad" cholesterol, high levels of LDL can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries.
High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL): Known as "good" cholesterol, HDL helps remove LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream, reducing the risk of plaque formation.
Plaque Buildup: When you have high levels of LDL cholesterol, it can combine with other substances and form plaque. This plaque can accumulate on the inner walls of arteries, narrowing them and reducing blood flow.
Atherosclerosis: The buildup of plaque in arteries is called atherosclerosis. It can restrict blood flow to the heart, increasing the risk of chest pain (angina) or a heart attack.
Blood Clots: Plaque can rupture, leading to the formation of blood clots. If a clot blocks a narrowed artery, it can cause a heart attack or stroke.

To promote heart health, it's important to maintain healthy cholesterol levels by:
Reducing dietary intake of saturated and trans fats, which can raise LDL cholesterol.
Consuming more heart-healthy foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Engaging in regular physical activity to boost HDL cholesterol and lower LDL cholesterol.
If necessary, taking prescribed medications to control cholesterol levels.

Healthy cholesterol levels in the body are typically measured through a blood test that provides information about various types of cholesterol.
The key cholesterol levels to consider are:
Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol: Often referred to as "bad" cholesterol, lower levels of LDL cholesterol are generally better for heart health. However, ideal LDL levels can vary depending on individual risk factors and health conditions. As a general guideline:
Optimal: Less than 100 mg/dL
Near Optimal/Above Optimal: 100-129 mg/dL
Borderline High: 130-159 mg/dL
High: 160-189 mg/dL
Very High: 190 mg/dL and above
High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol: Referred to as "good" cholesterol, higher levels of HDL cholesterol are considered beneficial for heart health. For men, an HDL level of 40 mg/dL or higher is desirable. For women, it's 50 mg/dL or higher.
Total Cholesterol: Total cholesterol is the sum of LDL and HDL cholesterol levels, along with a small amount of triglycerides. It's important to consider the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol rather than just total cholesterol.
Triglycerides: Elevated triglyceride levels can also increase the risk of heart disease. Normal triglyceride levels are typically less than 150 mg/dL.

Ideal cholesterol levels can vary from person to person based on factors such as age, gender, family history, and existing health conditions. To determine your specific target levels and create a personalised plan for managing cholesterol, consult with a healthcare provider. Lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, exercise, and medications (if necessary) can help achieve and maintain healthy cholesterol levels. Regular cholesterol monitoring is crucial to assess progress and make necessary adjustments. Know more about heart diseases and treatments at Manipal Hospital Dwarka.
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Sep 19th 2023 12:57