A membrane switch is a user interface component that integrates key functions, indicators, and control panels into a single, low-profile assembly. It typically consists of six main layers:
Graphic Overlay (Panel) – The visible interface with printed icons, text, or symbols.
Spacer – Separates circuit layers and defines tactile response.
Tactile Layer – Includes metal domes or tactile features that provide feedback when pressed.
Circuit Layer – Conductive elements (printed PET circuits, PCB, or FPC) that transmit signals.
Bottom Circuit/Substrate – The stable base holding the conductive traces.
Adhesive Backing – Secures the switch assembly to the end product.
When a user presses a key, the tactile layer contacts the underlying conductive pads, closing the circuit and sending an input signal. Once released, the dome returns to its original shape, breaking the circuit. These switches are valued for their sealing properties, moisture resistance, easy cleaning, high integration, and long lifespan. Industries such as electronic communication, industrial control, medical devices, automotive, rail transportation, household appliances, aerospace, and military equipment commonly utilize membrane switches for their robust performance and reliability.
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