Biliary Surgery- Types and Conditions needing Biliary Surgery

Biliary surgery, also known as hepatobiliary surgery, is performed to treat various conditions that affect the biliary system, which includes the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts. This type of surgery is done for several reasons, including: Gallstones: One of the most common reasons for biliary surgery is the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder. Gallstones can cause pain, inflammation, infection, and blockage of the bile ducts, which can lead to various complications. Biliary surgery may involve removing the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) to alleviate these problems. Gallbladder disease: Other gallbladder conditions, such as chronic cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) and gallbladder polyps, can necessitate biliary surgery to remove or address the diseased gallbladder. Biliary tract obstruction: Blockages or strictures in the bile ducts, whether due to gallstones, tumors, or other factors, can lead to bile buildup, jaundice, and severe complications. Biliary surgery may be required to remove obstructions and restore normal bile flow. Biliary tumors: Benign or malignant tumors in the liver, gallbladder, or bile ducts may require surgical intervention for diagnosis, removal, or treatment. Liver disease: Some liver conditions, such as hepatocellular carcinoma or liver cysts, may necessitate surgical procedures on the liver or its associated structures. Trauma: Traumatic injuries to the biliary system, such as lacerations or ruptures of the bile ducts, may require surgical repair. Congenital abnormalities: Some individuals are born with congenital biliary abnormalities, such as biliary atresia, that may require surgical correction. Cholangitis: Inflammation and infection of the bile ducts, known as cholangitis, may require biliary surgery to remove infected tissue, drain pus, or treat the underlying cause. Biliary strictures: Narrowing or scarring of the bile ducts, often caused by prior surgeries or other conditions, can be treated with biliary surgery to widen or repair the affected ducts. Biliary surgery is typically performed by a specialised surgeon, often a hepatobiliary surgeon or a general surgeon with expertise in biliary procedures. The specific procedure and approach will depend on the underlying condition and the patient's individual circumstances. Advances in minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopic or robotic-assisted surgery, have made many biliary surgeries less invasive and have shortened recovery times for patients. Get the biliary surgery done with the finest gastroenterologists and gastro surgeon Dr Amit Maydeo. Some of the liver diseases that may necessitate biliary surgery include: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common type of primary liver cancer. In some cases, surgical interventions like liver resection (removal of a portion of the liver) or liver transplant may be considered as treatment options. Cholangiocarcinoma: Cholangiocarcinoma is a cancer that originates in the bile ducts. Surgical resection of the affected bile duct or liver segment may be performed as part of the treatment plan. Liver Cysts: Large or symptomatic liver cysts can be treated with biliary surgery. This surgery often involves draining the cyst or removing a portion of the liver. Liver Abscess: A liver abscess is a collection of pus within the liver tissue. Surgery may be required to drain the abscess and remove infected tissue. Liver Trauma: Severe liver injuries resulting from trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or falls, may require surgical intervention to repair or remove damaged portions of the liver. Polycystic Liver Disease: In this genetic condition, numerous fluid-filled cysts develop in the liver. If the cysts cause symptoms, biliary surgery may be considered to manage or remove them. Liver Hydatid Cyst: These are caused by a parasitic infection and can form cysts in the liver. Surgical removal of the cysts and treatment of the underlying infection may be necessary. Biliary Atresia: While this condition primarily affects the bile ducts, it often leads to liver damage. Biliary surgery, such as the Kasai procedure, is performed in infants with biliary atresia to restore bile flow and prevent further liver damage. Liver Transplantation: End-stage liver disease due to various causes, such as cirrhosis, hepatitis, or genetic conditions, may require liver transplantation, which involves the surgical removal of the diseased liver and its replacement with a healthy donor liver. Liver Hemangiomas: Liver hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors. In rare cases, surgery may be considered if the hemangioma is causing significant symptoms or complications.