What is Ovarian cancer?

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Ovarian cancer is cancer that occurs in the ovaries, which are located on the sides of a woman's uterus. The reproductive system consists of 2 ovaries, both necessary for normal reproduction. Ovarians produce eggs and hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.

What is the cause of ovarian cancer? The exact cause of ovarian cancer is not known. There are some risk factors associated with its development, though. The factors that increase risk of developing ovarian cancer are a female family history, genetic mutations, older age, infertility and a personal history of breast, uterine or colorectal cancer, postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy, and obesity.

What are the symptoms of ovarian cancer? In the early stage of ovarian cancer, the symptoms might not be prominently noticeable. As cancer progresses, the symptoms become more pronounced. Some of the symptoms of ovarian cancer are bloating and swelling in the abdomen, feeling full quickly when eating, indigestion, pain in your pelvis area, constipation, irregular mensuration cycles, painful intercourse, frequent urge to urinate, abnormal vaginal bleeding, and abnormal vaginal discharge

Diagnosis of ovarian cancer is done with tests like pelvic ultrasound, blood tests, imaging tests (MRI, CT scan, PET scan), and Biopsy. A diagnosis is followed by the treatment of cancer. The treatment choice is dependent on the extent of the spread of cancer, and what options are available can vary depending on your particular case. Some treatments for ovarian cancer you might find include surgery, chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy, and radiation.