Top Five Causes of Over Voltage in Power System
by Starlight Generator dieselgeneratortechThe so-called
overvoltage refers to the abnormal voltage rise of the power system exceeding
the working voltage under certain conditions, which is an electromagnetic
interference phenomenon in the power system. The insulation of electrical
equipment is tolerant to the working voltage for a long time, and must also
withstand a certain range of overvoltage, so as to ensure the safe and reliable
operation of the power system.
There are two types of
overvoltage, external overvoltage and internal overvoltage. The external
overvoltage is also called lightning overvoltage and atmospheric overvoltage.
Caused by the discharge of thunderclouds in the atmosphere to the ground. The
internal overvoltage is an overvoltage caused by a change in the internal
operation mode of the power system, and is divided into a power frequency
overvoltage, an operation overvoltage, and a resonant overvoltage.
The
following are the top five causes of over voltage.
Power
system surges. Due to poor regulation of the power source or power
utility company, voltage fluctuations either over or under may occur. This may
cause serious damage especially to electronic orcomputer controlled equipment.
In this case, special attention should be given to these equipment to ensure
safe usage. Relay devices, AVRs, auto-transformer type regulators may be used.
Insulation
Failure.
The most common form of insulation failure is when there is grounding of the
conductor. Failure takes place when there is no insulation between the line and
the earth. So, the part of the conductor that is grounded to the earth allows
the current to flow downward.
Arcing
Ground.
This happens when there is presence of a sporadic arc in line-to-ground fault
belonging to three-phase system. Here, short-live oscillations are produced in
the system due to some changes in the voltage and the current load. This
phenomenon may lead to serious problems like breakdown of the insulation and
may harm equipment connected to the power system.
Resonance. This one occurs when the value of the
inductive resistance in the power system becomes equal with the value of
capacitive resistance.
External
causes. Although
many cases of over-voltage result from the internal causes as listed above,
studies show that the highest surges are still contributed by some external
causes. Lightning is one good example, which has already been cited as
responsible for high magnitude of surges, leading to very serious failures.
This is because an external factor such as lightning is capable of increasing
the voltage by many times higher that the normal value. This is the reason why
power systems and appliances should be protected with voltage protectors.
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Created on Aug 29th 2019 21:38. Viewed 261 times.