Every year, the pollution level upsurges as winter landto the
nation and this year, as per the reports, was recorded the worst ever in many
cities. Inauspiciously, the apportioning took place this season. Rather than
focusing on an acrimonious polemic charge, it’s important to take effective
actions necessary to lay down the impact of pollutants.
Those who are involved in it can’t remain unaware of its
consequences, particularly the effects on everyone’s health.
The least
serious effects on health may result in breathlessness, coughing, sneezing, and
constriction inside the chest, allergy, and aggravation of asthma.Serious
conditions may give rise to various problems related to respiration and cardiac
infections.
Before we point out anyone, there is something basic we need
to understand, let’s jump into the pollutants give rise to blame game.
Some
critical pollutants are as under:
1.
Particulate matter (PM) – one bin with all PM below
10μm (PM10) and one bin with all PM below 2.5μm (PM2.5)
2.
Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
3.
Carbon monoxide (CO)
4.
Ozone (O3)
5.
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) – nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen
dioxide (NO2)
The chemical
composition of PM 2.5 is a source of different gaseous components. For example,
SO2 is termed as sulfate aerosols, NOxis termed as nitrate aerosols, volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) and it goes under various chemical phases with ozone,
NOx and CO, gives rise to another organic aerosol (SOA).
Simply, we need to have our main focus on PM 2.5 if you wish
to find the pollution sources to address the air quality situation in Delhi,
the capital city of India.
PM 10 and
PM 2.5 are quite different
PM 10 aerosols are under 10μm diameter, PM2.5 all
aerosols under 2.5μm diameter.PM 2.5 is a subdivision of PM 10 and the ratio
may vary from city to city and source to source.
Maximum PM
2.5 pollution is combustion based
Like more than 95% emission takes place from diesel, petrol,
and natural gas burning, open waster burning gives rise to pollution, biomass
burning causes pollution, coal burning, cook stoves and boilers gives rise to
PM 2.5
Maximum PM
10 pollution comes from mechanical processes
Here are some examples like dust on roads due to continuous vehicle
traffic, construction sites, and seasonal dust storms. 80% of the dust gives
rise to a size between PM 2.5 and PM 10. It becomes a reason for the presence
of more dust when PM 10 samplescompared to PM 2.5.
Severe effects
of pollution on health
·
The continuous effects of air pollution give
rise to heart diseases like heart attack and various other health hazards. Such
heart complications may give rise to mortality; it means results in a serious
health implication.
·
According to the reports, individuals living in the high-polluted
regions remain at a risk and may suffer from serious heart troubles comparison
to the people living inthe low polluted areas.
·
It is observed that 43% of the people are more susceptibleand
give rise to a second heart attack or congestive heart failure and 46% have a
risk of suffering from stroke.
·
Another bigger impact of air pollution is the people
exposed to the high level of pollution may die within a time period of 20 years
of their first heart attack in comparison who are not exposed or exposed to the
low pollution level.
So
what can we do? Maximumtime, it has been observed that causes of air-pollution
are rooted in men’s behavior. No doubt, government, and individuals are all
playing their roles and it is necessary to take important measures.