Introduction
Nephrotic syndrome is a complex kidney disorder characterized by a specific set of symptoms, including edema (swelling), proteinuria (excessive protein in urine), hypoalbuminemia (low levels of albumin in the blood), and hyperlipidemia (elevated levels of lipids in the blood). It can affect both children and adults, with varying causes and treatment approaches. In this blog post, we will delve into the details of nephrotic syndrome, exploring its causes, symptoms, and management options. Our expert for this discussion is Dr. Sidharth Kumar Sethi, a renowned pediatric nephrologist specializing in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome.
Understanding Nephrotic Syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome occurs when the kidneys' filtering units, known as nephrons, become damaged, leading to a disruption in their normal function. This damage can result from various underlying conditions or diseases. The most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children is minimal change disease, which typically responds well to corticosteroid treatment. However, some cases, such as those associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, may be resistant to corticosteroids and may progress to kidney failure, potentially requiring renal transplantation.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
The hallmark symptoms of nephrotic syndrome include swelling in various parts of the body, particularly the legs and around the eyes, due to fluid retention. Proteinuria, which causes foamy urine, is another key indicator. Hypoalbuminemia and hyperlipidemia can be detected through blood tests.
To diagnose nephrotic syndrome, a thorough evaluation is necessary, including a medical history assessment, physical examination, and laboratory tests. A kidney biopsy may also be performed to determine the underlying cause of the condition.
Management and Treatment
The management of nephrotic syndrome involves addressing the underlying cause, relieving symptoms, and preventing complications. Dr. Sidharth Kumar Sethi emphasizes the importance of individualized treatment plans based on the patient's age, medical history, and specific condition.
For children with minimal change disease, corticosteroids are commonly prescribed and have shown significant success in achieving remission of proteinuria. However, some children may experience relapses and require further treatment.
In cases of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, alternative treatment options may be explored, including immunosuppressive medications and other targeted therapies. Dr. Sidharth Kumar Sethi's expertise in pediatric nephrology enables him to develop comprehensive treatment plans that prioritize the well-being and long-term outcomes of his patients.
Dr. Sidharth Kumar Sethi
Kidney & Urology Institute
He was trained as a Fellow (International Pediatric Nephrology Association Fellowship) and Senior Resident in Pediatric Nephrology at All India Institute of Medical Sciences and Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Transplant Immunology, Cedars Sinai Medical Centre, Los Angeles, California. He has been actively involved in the care of children with all kinds of complex renal disorders, including nephrotic syndrome, tubular disorders, urinary tract infections, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and renal transplantation. He has been a part of an 8-member writing committee for the guidelines of Steroid Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome and an Expert committee involved in the formulation of guidelines for Pediatric Renal Disorders including Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome and urinary tract infections.
He has more than 30 indexed publications in Pediatric Nephrology and chapters in reputed textbooks including Essential Pediatrics (Editors O.P. Ghai) and “Pediatric Nephrology” (Editors A Bagga, RN Srivastava). He is a part of the Editorial Board of “The World Journal of Nephrology” and “eAJKD- Web version of the American Journal of Kidney Diseases”. He is a reviewer of Pediatric Nephrology related content for various Pediatric and Nephrology journals
Conclusion
Nephrotic syndrome is a complex kidney disorder characterized by specific symptoms and underlying causes. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for achieving remission, preventing complications, and ensuring the best possible outcomes for patients. Dr. Sidharth Kumar Sethi, an esteemed pediatric nephrologist, brings extensive knowledge and expertise to the field of nephrotic syndrome treatment. His individualized approach and focus on evidence-based practices make him a trusted resource for patients and their families.
Name: Pediatric Nephrology India
Address: Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kidney Institute, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India, 122001
Phone: 0124-4141414
Website: www.pediatricnephrologyindia.com
