History of Spoken English
History of Spoken
English
The English
language has a place with the West Germanic part of the Indo-European group of
dialects. The nearest undoubted living relatives of English are Scots and
Frisian. Frisian is a language verbally expressed by around a large portion of
a million people in the Dutch region of Friesland, in close-by territories of
Germany, and on a couple of islands in the North Sea.
The
historical backdrop of the English language has customarily been separated into
three fundamental periods: Old English (450-1100 AD), Middle English
(1100-around 1500 AD) and Modern English (since 1500). Throughout the hundreds
of years, the English language has been affected by various different dialects.
Early
English (450 - 1100 AD): During the fifth Century AD three Germanic clans
(Saxons, Angles, and Jutes) went to the British Isles from different parts of
northwest Germany just as Denmark. These clans were warlike and pushed out the
greater part of the first, Celtic-talking occupants from England into Scotland,
Wales, and Cornwall. One gathering relocated to the Brittany Coast of France
where their relatives still talk the Celtic Language of Breton today.
As the years
progressed, the Saxons, Angles, and loops of Jute blended their distinctive
Germanic lingos. This gathering of tongues frames what language specialists
allude to as Old English or Anglo-Saxon. "English" was in Old
"English", and that originates from the name of the Angles. The
Angles were named from Engle, their territory of the source.
Prior to the
Saxons, the language verbally expressed in what is presently England was a
blend of Latin and different Celtic dialects which were spoken before the
Romans came to Britain (54-5BC). The Romans conveyed Latin to Britain, which
was a piece of the Roman Empire for more than 400 years. A significant number
of the words passed on from this period are that begat by Roman dealers and
troopers. These incorporate success (wine), light (flame), (belt), well
(divider). ("Language Timeline", The British Library Board)
The impact
of Celtic upon Old English was slight. Actually, not very many Celtic words
have lived on in the English language. Be that as it may, a large number of
spot and stream names have Celtic starting points: Kent, York, Dover,
Cumberland, Thames, Avon, Trent, Severn.
The entry of
St. Augustine in 597 and the presentation of Christianity into Saxon England
carried progressively Latin words into the English language. They were for the
most part worried about the naming of Church dignitaries, functions, and so on.
A few, for example, church, minister, sanctification, priest, Eucharist, and
presbyter came in a roundabout way through Latin from the Greek.
Around 878
AD Danes and Norsemen, additionally called Vikings, attacked the nation and
English got numerous Norse words into the language, especially in the north of
England. The Vikings, being Scandinavian, talked a language (Old Norse) which,
in starting point, at any rate, was similarly as Germanic as Old English.
Words got
from Norse include: sky, egg, cake, skin, leg, window (wind eye), spouse,
individual, aptitude, outrage, level, odd, monstrous, get, give, take, raise,
call, kick the bucket, they, they are, them. ("The Origin and History of
the English Language", Kryss Katsiavriades)
A few
composed works have made due to the Old English time frame. The most acclaimed
is a chivalrous epic ballad called "Beowulf". It is the most seasoned
known English sonnet and it is outstanding for its length - 3,183 lines.
Specialists state "Beowulf" was written in Britain more than one
thousand years back. The name of the individual who composed it is obscure.
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