Electrical installation

by Derrick Corea Technosoft Innovations, Inc

An electrical installation is constituted by all the circuits and devices that are associated for the purpose of the use of electrical energy. The electrical installation in a home is an example.

Condition that must be fulfilled by electrical installations

An electrical installation includes:

· A source of energy or current arrival.

· From the electrical apparatus.

· Usage devices.

The assembly being connected by electrical conduits.

An installation, to comply with the regulations must fulfill the following conditions.

Provide protection against direct or indirect electrical blocks

It is said that there is an electric shock when the passage of the current takes place through the human body.

Protection against thermal effects in normal service

A well-executed electrical installation must not produce a heat such as to cause burns or fire.

Protection against undercurrent

The installation must be designed so that the circuit in question is interrupted when there is a short circuit or overload.

Protection against overvoltage

Protection against this risk must ensure the safety of people and the preservation of equipment.

Sectioning and control

It must be possible to switch off the installation when a fault occurs. The emergency stop device is provided. In case of intervention, it must be possible to isolate the part on which we must work: cutting devices of the installation are necessary.

Structure of an installation

Total installed power

It is necessary to know at least the installed power, which can lead to exaggerations if all the devices of use do not work at the same time.

Food

It is characterized by the following electrical quantities:

· Nature of the current:

· Current of the continuous.

· Alternating current.

· Single phase or three phase with or without neutral.

· Voltage

Facilities Division

The subdivision of the installation into several circuits makes it possible to limit the consequences of a fault by not cutting off the defective circuit. This way of operating facilitates the verification, the search for a fault and the maintenance of the circuits. A number of rules have been established for Electronic Device Designing that are:

· The lighting is distributed preferably between several similar circuits for the sockets.

· The circuits are specialized according to the devices they serve and these devices each have a separate circuit.

· The number of lighting points or socket-outlets must not exceed 5 on the same circuit.

Execution of installations

Principle

Duct pipes are widely used in industry and buildings. A detailed study is needed to become familiar with new laying technologies.

Apparent mounting of contacts

This mode of installation has the advantage of an immediate accessibility to the pipes by cons it is not aesthetic. All conduits with the property of not propagating the flame are allowed. Therefore only ICD 6 and ICT 6 tubes of yellow or orange color are forbidden .

Installation condition to respect

The ducts are laid in such a way as to avoid the introduction of water which, while staying in the ducts, may determine the elements of the installation.

In the case of ducts passing through the expansion joints, the rigid ducts must be separated by 5 cm and connected by insulating sleeves of at least 20 cm in order to prevent deformations due to expansions.

Fixing ducts

The ducts are fixed using clamps, stirrups, fasteners to clone adapted and protected against oxidation. Fixing is necessary on both sides of any accessories and any change of direction.

Installation system for flush ducts

For reasons of aesthetics, recessed installation is justified in offices, living quarters, shops. This method of installation must be economical and have all the qualities of security. It is necessary to distinguish between laying after or during construction.

· Laying during construction: This installation method requires very good coordination between the mason and the electrician.

· Installation after construction: It mainly takes place in partitions, the recess in oblique tracing is not allowed, the ducts must not have fittings on their recessed track.

Recall

A mass: is a metallic part likely to be de-energized but which is accidentally energized to a lack of insulation. It is also the metallic mass of electrical equipment.