Basic Structure of Industrial Generator

by Starlight Generator dieselgeneratortech

Nowadays, more and more generators are made by manufacturers all over the world. Also, the type of generator is various such as portable generator set, silent genset, trailer genset, container genset and even more. However, different types of engines are equipped with generator set. Most often, we can see is gasoline generator, diesel generator, marine generator, petroleum generator. Usually, these generator are similar in size and functionality, but differ on the fuel.

Generator is widely used in various fields such as buildings, home, hospital, mining machine, vessels, real estate, constructions, road, etc. Currently, industrial generators are used most.

Here, we will talk about industrial generator and its main components. Before knowing about this type of generator, first we should learn the working principle of generator.

An electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. But please note that a generator does not actually ‘create’ electrical energy. Instead, it uses the mechanical energy supplied to it to force the movement of electric charges present in the wire of its windings through an external electric circuit.

In generator, there are 8 core internal parts included in a industrial generator.

The most part is engine. The engine inputs the mechanical energy. The engine runs on many fuel types, such as propane, natural gas, and diesel. It is these different fuel types which act as the main differentiation between generator types.

When it comes to the engine, gasoline and diesel engine are used most often.

Nowadays, the gasoline engine is used widely as the power source of automobiles. As the principle of this engine, a mixture gas of the fuel and the air is compressed in the cylinder at the first. And the gas explodes by use of an ignition plug, and generates the output power. As good characteristics of the engine, it can be realized a smaller and light weight engine, and has a possibility of the high engine speed and high power. Also, the maintenance of the engine is easier than diesel engine.

Just like gasoline engine, a diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine. Combustion is another word for burning, and internal means inside, so an internal combustion engine is simply one where the fuel is burned inside the main part of the engine (the cylinders) where power is produced.

Diesel engines are similar, but simpler. First, air is allowed into the cylinder and the piston compresses it—but much more than in a gasoline engine. In a gasoline engine, the fuel-air mixture is compressed to about a tenth of its original volume. But in a diesel engine, the air is compressed by anything from 14 to 25 times

Difference between the gasoline engine and diesel engine.

As mentioned before, both these two engine work by internal combustion, but in slightly different ways. In a gasoline engine, fuel and air is injected into small metal cylinders. A piston compresses (squeezes) the mixture, making it explosive, and a small electric spark from a sparking plug sets fire to it. That makes the mixture explode, generating power that pushes the piston down the cylinder and (through the crankshaft and gears) turns the wheels.

Alternator,the alternator produces the electrical output. As a matter of fact, it does not create electricity but facilitates its progress from the mechanical energy supplied. The magnetic components of the alternator work together with the rotor and plastic housing to generate the electricity. It is largely brought on by movement between the magnetic and electrical field. Usually, three-phase AC synchronous generator is used in diesel generator. Single-phase generator is used in gasoline generator.

Fuel system, the fuel system essentially converts the inclusion of fuel into keeping the basic functioning of the industrial generator. Through a fuel pump (which dislodges build-up) and a ventilation pipe, the fuel is processed through a complex system. The fuel injector maintains the flow at the very end of the generator.

Fuel system is really an important part of the diesel engine. The following content will show you more information about the fuel system especially its main parts.

In most diesel engines, the fuel system loop consists of the following major parts:

1. Day Fuel Tank

2. Fuel Water Separator

3. Fuel Strainer

4. Fuel Supply Pump

5. Fuel Filter

6. Fuel Injection Pump

7. Injectors

8. Return line to the day tank

Voltage regulator. A generator can supply a certain voltage of electricity as specified on the industrial generator. users maintain a close inspection of the voltage being harnessed, and they can thank the voltage regulator for this perk. The main aspect of this part is in the armature. It sparks a larger voltage across a stator where the electrical conductors are bound into thick coils.

Cooling System: Most industrial generators can be cooled by simply supplying the cooling system with hydrogen. In most industrial complexes, a large-scale generator is supported by a cooling tower. It means that most of the generators are water-cooled. The system removes heat from the engine and disposes of it in the surrounding area.

Exhaust System: The exhaust system collects the hot gases generated from the combustion and routes them out to the atmosphere. In addition, it also helps to reduce the noise caused by the high speed flow of these gases. The air intake system works in conjunction with the exhaust system in the turbocharged engines to pull the fresh air through the filters to the cylinders.

Lubricating system: The lube oil system of the diesel engines lubricates the rotating and moving parts and gears of the engine to minimize the effects of metal to metal contact that causes both sliding and rolling types of friction, and to absorb great amount generated heat to achieve smooth performance and lengthening the life of the internal parts of the engine.

Functionally, the main task of the lube oil system in the diesel engine is to supply the clean lubrication oil under the required pressure and circulate it inside the engine.

Battery: battery is the power supply equipment for starting electrical machinery operation. When the diesel engine is started, it is required that the battery can supply low voltage and high current (200~600A) for starting electrical machinery in a short time. When the diesel engine is in low speed or parking, the voltage output by generator is insufficient or stops working, the storage battery can supply the electric current for the electrical equipment of the diesel engine.

Battery function

The Battery is the storage device for the energy supplied by the battery chargers. It stores this energy by converting the electrical energy to chemical energy and then to electrical energy. It supplies power to the cranking motor to start the engine. It supplies the extra power necessary when the engine’s electrical load exceeds the supply from the charging system. It also acts as a voltage stabilizer in the electrical system, where it evens out voltage spikes and prevents them from damaging other components in the electrical system.