How to Avoid Flat Head Syndrome

Flat Head Syndrome, or positional plagiocephaly, is a condition where a flat spot develops on the back or side of a baby’s head. This can happen when infants spend a lot of time lying on their backs. While it’s common and often harmless, preventing flat head syndrome is important for your baby’s development and appearance. Fortunately, there are several simple and effective ways to reduce the risk. Here’s everything parents and caregivers need to know.

What Causes Flat Head Syndrome?

The main cause of flat head syndrome is prolonged pressure on one part of the skull. Babies are born with soft, malleable skulls to help them pass through the birth canal and accommodate rapid brain growth. If a baby frequently rests in the same position, such as lying on their back, it can cause a flattened area to develop.

Other factors that may increase the risk include:

• Premature birth (weaker neck muscles, longer hospital stays)
  

• Torticollis (tight neck muscles)
  

• Limited tummy time
  

• Consistent use of car seats, swings, and carriers
  

1. Encourage Tummy Time Daily

One of the best ways to prevent flat head syndrome is by giving your baby supervised tummy time while they’re awake. This helps:

• Strengthen neck, shoulder, and arm muscles
  

• Reduce pressure on the back of the head
  

• Support motor skill development
  

Start with just a few minutes of tummy time, 2–3 times a day, beginning in the first week of your baby’s life. As your baby grows stronger, gradually increase the duration. At the NJ Craniofacial Center, we encourage making tummy time enjoyable by getting down on the floor with your baby and using mirrors or colorful toys to keep them engaged and motivated.

2. Change Head Positions During Sleep

While back-sleeping is essential for reducing the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), you can still vary your baby’s head position each night. Try the following:

• Alternate the direction your baby lies in the crib each night.
  

• Turn their head gently to the left or right after they fall asleep.
  

• Use toys or mobiles to encourage them to look in different directions.
  

Avoid letting your baby sleep in car seats, swings, or bouncers for extended periods, as these also apply pressure to the same part of the skull.

3. Hold Your Baby More Often

Reducing the time your baby spends lying on their back can significantly decrease the risk of flat head syndrome. When possible, carry your baby:

• In your arms
  

• Using a baby carrier or sling (upright position)
  

• On your shoulder to give their head a break from constant pressure
  

This not only helps avoid flat spots but also promotes bonding and provides important sensory stimulation.

4. Vary Feeding Positions

Whether you’re breastfeeding or bottle-feeding, switch sides regularly. This helps ensure your baby doesn’t always rest their head in the same position during feeding. It also encourages neck muscle development and improves range of motion.

5. Monitor for Torticollis

If your baby consistently favors turning their head to one side or seems to struggle moving their head freely, they might have torticollis – a condition where neck muscles are tight or shortened. This can increase the risk of flat head syndrome and may require early physical therapy. If you notice uneven head movement, consult your pediatrician for evaluation and guidance.

6. Use Positioning Techniques Wisely

Some parents consider using infant pillows or positioners to prevent flat spots, but these are not recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics due to suffocation risks. Instead, rely on safe and proven techniques like:

• Adjusting crib placement (so your baby looks different ways)
  

• Using tummy time and babywearing
  

• Giving your baby time to play on their side (under supervision)

Read More: What Happens If You Don't Treat Flat Head Syndrome

When to Seek Help

If you notice a flat spot developing or if the shape of your baby’s head seems uneven, don’t panic. Mild cases often improve with repositioning strategies. However, it’s important to talk to your pediatrician. In some cases, your baby may be referred to a specialist for further evaluation or to discuss the use of a cranial helmet.

Final Thoughts

Flat head syndrome is a common condition in babies, but the good news is that it’s typically treatable and often preventable with some simple adjustments to your baby’s routine. Incorporating tummy time, regularly changing your baby’s position, and limiting prolonged time spent lying on their back are all effective ways to promote a naturally shaped head. If your baby is already showing signs of a flat spot, early intervention and proper baby’s flat head treatment—such as physical therapy, repositioning techniques, or helmet therapy if needed—can make a big difference. By being proactive, you’re supporting your baby’s healthy physical development and giving them the best possible start in life.