STEM CELL TREATMENT FOR PARKINSON’S DISEASE

Researchers at a Brazilian university, taken a step closer in treating a kind of neurodegenerative disease, The Parkinson’s disease; by implanting stem cell generated neurons in the murine brain. The team has observed that the neurons, which are engrafted could able to transform into dopamine producing neurons, which were able to survive and be functional for as long as 15 months from the date of implantation.

Parkinson’s is the deadly neurodegenerative disease, affecting more than 10 million people worldwide. The primary reason for the onset of the diseased state in Parkinson’s has been observed to be depletion of dopamine producing neurons in the brain.  The human brain is known to be the central processing organ, in passing the information related to all functions our body performs. This information is passed in the form of a signal from the brain to different vital organs of our body, via a network of cells known as Neurons. Likewise, inside our brain specific neurons were given a task to produce a hormone known as Dopamine, by passing on the information. This dopamine is a chemical messenger that enables a person to control all muscular movements of our body. When these dopamine producing neurons are interrupted in their function of signal transmission through protein deposits, human body fails to produce dopamine and hence motor function is affected.

Conventionally, there was no cure available for Parkinson’s. Until recently people have been unaware with the existence of such kind of a disease, which alters your muscular movement as well affects some of the non motor functions such as sense of smell or sleep regulation, etc. Currently, some steroidal medication as well as some electrical implants in the brain is advised to stop the progression, however these options have been proven to be very dangerous posing many health hazards on the patients. Several studies taking place worldwide, have indicated that stem cells can be the right candidate to alter the progression.

Stem cells are the mother cells of the body, which are able to differentiate into any kind of cells when directed via proper signals. This remarkable ability of stem cell to develop into any kind of cells has been exploited by the medical fraternity to treat a variety of diseases. Parkinsons can be one of them, which can be appropriately treated using the regenerative power of stem cells. The human body has many sources, which can provide an abundant supply of stem cells. Bone Marrow and Adipose tissue are thus considered to be the most potent and opted choice as stem cell suppliers in the autologous way of treating diseases. Autologous because body’s own cells are used. These cells can be isolated from Bone Marrow and/or Adipose tissue by contemporary scientific technology, processed minimally outside the body, in the laboratory. The laboratory wherein stem cells are processed should maintain a classified environment as per the guidelines approved by the authority. These stem cells are then implanted back into the body via specific routes, to ensure proper homing at the desired location or site of injury. Once reached, these cells then start elicit a signalling process to promote a microenvironment that can facilitate the repair of damage and regeneration of new cells or neurons in the case of Parkinson’s. As the new dopamine producing neurons are in place, the disturbed function can be immediately normalized.

Although, the field of stem cell is developing, more and more findings are on their way, but so far the promises made by stem cells on the benches of the laboratory have been fulfilled even at the bedside!

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Created on Dec 31st 1969 18:00. Viewed 0 times.

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